M'zaka zaposachedwa, makina anzeru osungira magetsi a photovoltaic kunyumba akhala akudziwika mosalekeza.Ikhoza kupereka mphamvu yobiriwira kwa banja mosasamala kanthu za usana ndi usiku komanso mtsinje wokhazikika.Kupyolera mu mphamvu ya mphamvu ya dzuwa, musadandaule za mitengo yamagetsi yamtengo wapatali, kupulumutsa ndalama zamagetsi, ndipo zingathe kuteteza moyo wapamwamba wa banja lililonse.
Masana, nyumba yosungiramo mphamvu ya photovoltaic yapakhomo imatenga mphamvu ya dzuwa ndikuisunga kuti ikatenge usiku.Zikafika pakuzimitsidwa kwamagetsi mwangozi, makinawo amathanso kusinthira magetsi osungira kunyumba munthawi yake kuti awonetsetse kuti magetsi ndi zida zamagetsi zimagwira ntchito nthawi zonse.Pa nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu, batri yosungiramo mphamvu yosungiramo mphamvu ya banja ikhoza kulipiritsidwa yokha kuti igwiritse ntchito mphamvu yowonjezera mphamvu kapena mphamvu ikagwiritsidwa ntchito.Kuphatikiza pa kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mphamvu yadzidzidzi, njira yosungiramo mphamvu yapakhomo ingakhalenso yoyenera.Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu.Dongosolo losungiramo mphamvu lanyumba la photovoltaic ndi lofanana ndi malo osungiramo mphamvu ang'onoang'ono, omwe samakhudzidwa ndi kukakamiza kwamagetsi kumatauni.
Chizindikiro cha funso la akatswiri?
Ndi mbali ziti za nyumba yamphamvu yosungiramo mphamvu ya photovoltaic yomwe nthawi zambiri imapangidwa ndipo imadalira chiyani makamaka?Ndi magulu otani a makina osungira mphamvu a photovoltaic kunyumba?Momwe mungasankhire njira yoyenera yosungiramo mphamvu ya photovoltaic kunyumba?
CEM "Wachiwiri Kumvetsetsa" chidziwitso chochepa
L ndi nyumba yotani yosungiramo mphamvu ya photovoltaic
Nyumba yosungiramo mphamvu ya photovoltaic ndi dongosolo lomwe limagwirizanitsa dongosolo la kutembenuka kwa dzuwa la photoelectric ndi zipangizo zosungiramo mphamvu, zomwe zingathe kusintha mphamvu ya dzuwa kukhala mphamvu yosungidwa.Dongosololi limalola ogwiritsa ntchito kunyumba kupanga magetsi masana ndikusunga mphamvu zamagetsi zochulukirapo, ndikuzigwiritsa ntchito usiku kapena kuwala kochepa.
l Family photovoltaic energy storage system classification
The banja mphamvu yosungirako dongosolo panopa lagawidwa mitundu iwiri, mmodzi ndi gululi -olumikizidwa banja mphamvu yosungirako dongosolo, ndipo ina ndi maukonde dongosolo yosungirako mphamvu.
Kufananiza dongosolo yosungirako mphamvu ya banja
Zili ndi zisanu zambiri mwa izo, kuphatikiza: gulu la batire la solar, grid-connected inverter, BMS management system, batire paketi, katundu wolumikizana.Makinawa amagwiritsa ntchito photovoltaic ndi mphamvu yosungirako mphamvu yosakanikirana ndi magetsi.Pamene magetsi akumatauni ali abwinobwino, dongosolo la gridi ya photovoltaic ndi mphamvu zamatauni zimayendetsedwa ndi katundu;pamene mphamvu yamatauni yathyoledwa, njira yosungiramo mphamvu ndi photovoltaic grid -grid system imaphatikizidwa ndi mphamvu.Makina osungira mphamvu zamagetsi pamaneti amagawidwa m'njira zitatu zogwirira ntchito.Chitsanzo chimodzi: Photovoltaic imapereka kusungirako mphamvu ndi magetsi pa intaneti;Chitsanzo 2: Photovoltaic imapereka kusungirako mphamvu komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zina;Chitsanzo 3: Photovoltaic imapereka mphamvu zosungirako zokha.
Dongosolo losungira mphamvu zabanja
Ndiwodziyimira pawokha, ndipo palibe kulumikizidwa kwamagetsi ndi gridi yamagetsi.Choncho, dongosolo lonse siliyenera kulumikizidwa ndi inverter, ndipo photovoltaic inverter ikhoza kukwaniritsa zofunikira.Njira yosungiramo mphamvu ya nyumba yochoka imagawidwa m'njira zitatu zogwirira ntchito, mode 1: yosungirako photovoltaic ndi magetsi ogwiritsira ntchito (masiku adzuwa);Njira 2: mabatire a photovoltaic ndi osungira mphamvu amapereka ogwiritsa ntchito magetsi (masiku amitambo);Njira 3: Kusungirako mphamvu: Kusungirako mphamvu Batire imapatsa ogwiritsa ntchito magetsi (madzulo ndi mvula).
Kaya ndi grid -yolumikizidwa ndi nyumba yosungirako mphamvu yamagetsi kapena makina osungira mphamvu zamagetsi kuchokera pamaneti, inverter ndi yosalekanitsidwa.The inverter ali ngati ubongo ndi mtima mu dongosolo.
inverter ndi chiyani?
Inverter ndi gawo lomwe lili mu elekitironi yamagetsi, yomwe imatha kusintha magetsi a DC (batire, batire) kukhala magetsi a AC (nthawi zambiri 220V50Hz sine kapena square wave).M'mawu otchuka, inverter ndi chipangizo chomwe chimasintha DC (DC) kukhala mphamvu ya AC (AC).Amakhala ndi inverter mlatho, logic control ndi fyuluta dera.Zigawo zodziwika bwino ndi rectifier diode ndi crystal chubu.Pafupifupi zida zonse zapakhomo ndi makompyuta zili ndi zowongolera, zomwe zimayikidwa mumagetsi amagetsi.Zosintha za DC zimalumikizana, zomwe zimatchedwa inverter.
l Chifukwa chiyani inverter imakhala ndi malo ofunikira chonchi?
Kutumiza kwa AC ndikothandiza kwambiri kuposa kufalitsa kwa DC, ndipo kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakupatsira mphamvu.Mphamvu yobalalitsa yamagetsi opatsirana pawaya imatha kupezeka ndi P = I2R (square × resistor of the power = current).Mwachiwonekere, kutaya mphamvu kuyenera kuchepetsedwa kuti kuchepetsa kufalikira kwamakono kapena kukana kwa waya.Chifukwa cha mtengo ndi teknoloji yochepa, zimakhala zovuta kuchepetsa chingwe chotumizira (monga waya wamkuwa) kukana, kotero kuchepetsa kufalikira kwamakono ndi njira yapadera komanso yothandiza.Malinga ndi P = IU (mphamvu = panopa × voliyumu, kwenikweni, mphamvu yogwira p = IUCOS φ), kutembenuza magetsi a DC kukhala mphamvu ya AC, kupititsa patsogolo mphamvu yamagetsi ya gridi yamagetsi kuti achepetse mphamvu zamakono muwaya kuti akwaniritse cholinga chopulumutsa. mphamvu.
Momwemonso, popanga mphamvu ya solar photovoltaic mphamvu, mphamvu ya photovoltaic arrays ndi mphamvu ya DC, koma katundu wambiri amafunika mphamvu ya AC.Pali zoletsa zazikulu zamagetsi amagetsi a DC, omwe siwosavuta kusintha ma voliyumu, komanso kuchuluka kwa ntchito zolemetsa ndizochepa.Kuphatikiza pa katundu wapadera wamagetsi, inverter iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kutembenuza magetsi a DC kukhala mphamvu ya AC.Photovoltaic inverter ndiye mtima wa solar photovoltaic power generation system.Amamasulira magetsi a DC opangidwa ndi zigawo za photovoltaic mu mphamvu ya AC, amanyamula zipangizo zamagetsi ndi katundu wamba kapena ma gridi, ndipo ali ndi ntchito zotetezera.Inverter ya photovoltaic imapangidwa makamaka ndi ma modules amphamvu, matabwa oyendetsa magetsi, zowononga dera, zosefera, zopinga zamagetsi, zosinthira, zolumikizira, ndi makabati.Monga cholumikizira, chitukuko chake chimadalira pakukula kwaukadaulo wamagetsi amagetsi, ukadaulo wa zida za semiconductor ndiukadaulo wamakono wowongolera.
Gulu la inverters
Inverter imatha kugawidwa m'magulu atatu awa:
1. grid -olumikizidwa inverter
Gridi -yolumikizidwa inverter ndi inverter yapadera.Kuphatikiza pa kusintha kwa kusintha kwa magetsi a DC, kutulutsa mphamvu kwa AC kumatha kulumikizidwa ndi ma frequency ndi gawo la magetsi akumatauni.Chifukwa chake Inverter imatha kulunzanitsa zolumikizirana ndi waya wamzindawu.Mapangidwe a inverter iyi ndikutumiza mphamvu yosagwiritsidwa ntchito ku gridi yamagetsi.Sichiyenera kukhala ndi batri.Itha kukhala ndi ukadaulo wa MTTP pamagawo ake olowera.
2. Kusiya Intaneti inverter
The liberal inverter nthawi zambiri imayikidwa pa board cell solar, jenereta yaying'ono yamawilo amphepo kapena magetsi ena a DC, ndipo mphamvu ya DC imasinthidwa kukhala mphamvu ya AC yomwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito popangira magetsi kunyumba.Itha kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kuchokera ku gridi yamagetsi ndi batri kuti ipereke mphamvu yamagetsi.Chifukwa zilibe kanthu ndi mphamvu zamatauni ndipo sizifuna mphamvu zakunja zakunja, zimatchedwa "kuchoka".
The roser inverter poyambirira inali njira yomwe imapereka mphamvu ya batri kuti izindikire grid yaying'ono.Pankhani yaposachedwa, kulowetsa kwa DC, kulowetsamo mwachangu, kutulutsa kwamphamvu kwa DC ndi kutulutsa kwachangu kwa AC, inverter yakunja -network imatha kusunga mphamvu ndikuisintha kukhala ntchito zina.Amagwiritsa ntchito malingaliro owongolera kuti asinthe momwe akulowera ndi kutulutsa kuti awonetsetse kuti magwiridwe antchito abwino amaperekedwa kuchokera kugwero la mapanelo adzuwa kapena ma jenereta ang'onoang'ono a mawilo amphepo, ndipo mphamvu yamagetsi imakongoletsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito zotulutsa zoyera za sine wave.
Kwa inverter ya netiweki, batire ndiyofunikira pamagetsi a solar network, ndipo imasunga mphamvu kudzera mu batri kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito dzuwa likamalowa kapena popanda magetsi.Inverter ya msana imathandizanso kuchepetsa kudalira ma gridi achikhalidwe.Kudalira kumeneku nthawi zambiri kumayambitsa vuto lamavuto osakhazikika amagetsi omwe kuzimitsidwa kwamagetsi, kuzimitsa kwamagetsi, ndi makampani opanga magetsi sangathetse.
Kuphatikiza apo, inverter yolekanitsa yokhala ndi chowongolera chowongolera solar imatanthawuza kuti pali PWM kapena MPPT solar controller mkati mwa solar inverter.Ogwiritsa ntchito amatha kulumikiza kulowetsa kwa photovoltaic mu inverter ya solar ndikuyang'ana pazithunzi zowonetsera zowonetsera zowonetsera dzuwa Photovoltaic state, yomwe ili yabwino kulumikiza dongosolo ndi kuyang'ana.Ma mesh inverter amadzizindikira okha mu jenereta yosungira ndi batri kuti awonetsetse kuti mphamvu yathunthu ndi yokhazikika.Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka popereka magetsi kuzinthu zina zogona komanso zamalonda, ndipo ma watt otsika amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupatsa mphamvu zida zamagetsi zabanja.
3. Inverter yosakanikirana
Kwa ma inverters osakanizidwa, nthawi zambiri pamakhala matanthauzo awiri osiyana, imodzi ndi inverter yochoka ya chowongolera chowongolera cha solar, chinacho ndi inverter yomwe imasiyanitsidwa ndi netiweki.Itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito pa netiweki ya photovoltaic system, ndipo batire yake imatha kukonzedwanso mosavuta.
Ntchito yaikulu ya inverter
1. Ntchito yodziyimira yokha ndikuyimitsa ntchito
Masana, pamene ngodya ya dzuwa ikuwonjezeka pang'onopang'ono, mphamvu ya kuwala kwa dzuwa idzawonjezekanso.Dongosolo la photovoltaic limatha kuyamwa mphamvu zambiri za dzuwa.Pamene mphamvu linanena bungwe ntchito inverter anafika, ndi inverter akhoza basi kuyamba basi.thamanga.Pamene mphamvu yotulutsa mphamvu ya photovoltaic system imakhala yaying'ono ndipo kutuluka kwa gridi / inverter yosungirako mphamvu ndi 0 kapena pafupifupi 0, idzasiya kuthamanga ndikukhala malo oima.
2. Anti-Island Effect ntchito
Panthawi yolumikizana ndi gridi ya photovoltaic, njira yopangira mphamvu ya photovoltaic ndi mphamvu zamagetsi zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi gridi.Pamene gulu lamagetsi la anthu liri losazolowereka chifukwa cha mphamvu zosadziwika bwino, mphamvu ya photovoltaic mphamvu yopangira mphamvu sangathe kusiya kugwira ntchito nthawi kapena kusagwirizana ndi mphamvu zamagetsi.Idakali mumkhalidwe wamagetsi.Zimatchedwa zotsatira za chilumba.Zotsatira za pachilumbachi zimachitika, ndipo ndizowopsa kwa machitidwe a photovoltaic ndi ma grids.
Gridi -yolumikizidwa / inverter yosungirako mphamvu imakhala ndi anti-lone chitetezo dera mkati, yomwe imatha kuzindikira mwanzeru mphamvu yamagetsi, ma frequency ndi zidziwitso zina za gridi yamagetsi kuti ziphatikizidwe munthawi yeniyeni.Gulu lamagetsi aboma likapezeka, chifukwa chazovuta, inverter imatha kuyezedwa molingana ndi miyeso yeniyeni yosiyana motengera muyeso weniweni.Mtengo umadulidwa mkati mwa nthawi yofananira, kuyimitsidwa kutulutsa, ndikuwonetsa cholakwika.
3. Ntchito yolamulira yowunikira mphamvu yayikulu kwambiri
Mphamvu yayikulu kwambiri yoyang'anira kuwongolera mphamvu ndi ntchito ya MPPT, yomwe ndi ukadaulo wapakatikati wa grid -connected/energy storage inverter.Zimatanthawuza kutha kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zotulutsa gawo mu nthawi yeniyeni.
Mphamvu yotulutsa mphamvu ya photovoltaic idzakhudzidwa ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana ndipo ili pakusintha, ndipo mphamvu yabwino yotulutsa mphamvu imasungidwa mwadzina.
Ntchito ya MPPT ya gridi / inverter yosungirako mphamvu imatha kutsatiridwa munthawi yeniyeni mpaka mphamvu yayikulu yomwe gawolo limatha kutulutsa nthawi iliyonse.Kupyolera mu dongosolo wanzeru kusintha ntchito mfundo voteji (kapena panopa), izo zimayenda pafupi ndi nsonga mphamvu mfundo, pazipita Kupititsa patsogolo mphamvu ya mphamvu ya photovoltaic kachitidwe, potero kuonetsetsa kuti dongosolo akhoza kupitiriza kugwira ntchito ndi efficiently.
4. Ntchito yowunikira chingwe chamagulu anzeru
Pamaziko a kuwunika koyambirira kwa MPPT kwa gridi / inverter yosungirako mphamvu, ntchito yozindikira chingwe cha gulu lanzeru yakhazikitsidwa.Poyerekeza ndi kuyang'anira kwa MPPT, kuwunika kwa magetsi ndikolondola pazingwe zamagulu a nthambi iliyonse.Ogwiritsa Mutha kuwona bwino zomwe zikuyenda nthawi yeniyeni ya njira iliyonse.
Pakalipano, zida zosungiramo mphamvu kwa ogwiritsa ntchito makamaka BMS kasamalidwe ka batire, ndi photovoltaic grid -olumikizidwa inverter ndi inverter yosungirako mphamvu.Poyankha zofunikira za zida zosungiramo mphamvu za banja zomwe zili pamwambazi ndikuphatikizidwa ndi makhalidwe odzipatula otetezeka a unit dera la unit of photovoltaic systems, Huashengchang anayambitsa ndondomeko ya nyumba yosungirako mphamvu ya photovoltaic.Ma inverters amakhala makamaka ma gridi olumikizidwa ndi ma inverters osakanizidwa.okoma mtima.
Ubwino wa nyumba yosungirako mphamvu
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Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-22-2023